4. Locate and sketch the capture zone of your extraction well on the Google image. Show all calculations on Excel.

The intrinsic permeability of a soil sample is 3.5x10f². What is the water discharge per unit width, in cubic ft per day, through a confined aquifer of similar soil properties for hydraulic head difference of 0.51 ft over a length of 750 ft? The water temperature through the soil is 50°F and the porosity of the soil is 0.30. The average depth of the aquifer is 35 ft. Also, find the time in days the water will take to move 500 ft.

A well is dug in the ground. The ground surface elevation is 1340 ft. The water surface level inthe well has an elevation of 1319 ft. The bottom of the well has an elevation of 1298 ft. What are the hydraulic head, pressure head, and pressure in the aquifer at the location of the well?

Prepare a short report (no more than 6 pages excluding title page) addressing the following tasks: • Conduct a literature review of the hydrological impacts of reafforestation. In particular, assess the suitability of methods that can be used to predict changes in streamflow yield following reafforestation. • Consider a 500 km² catchment located near Dubbo, NSW. The catchment is presently exclusively dedicated to grazing. It is proposed to replace 70% of the grazing land with plantation forest. Assess the effect of the proposed reafforestation on the long-term streamflow yield. Climate information can be found in: http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/climate_averages

Water Balance Calculation using the Budyko Curve: The Zhang equation [Zhang et al., 2001] presented below gives the ratio of actual basin evapotranspiration, ET, to precipitation, P as a function of aridity index :

(a) For each of the continent, estimate the mean annual potential evapotranspiration using net radiation. You can estimate an approximate annual extraterrestrial radiation by using the Figure 3-6 of Dingman [2002] for the boundary latitudes of each continent and roughly average the radiation within each continent. (Please use rough estimates or this could easily turn into a major project..!) (b) Plot the Zhang et al [2001] equation using w=0.5, 1, and 2 for a given range of aridity index values (i.e., aridity index=0, 0.5, 1, ..., 5). Now calculate the aridity index for each continent and plot continental E/P and aridity index on the same plot, and prepare a separate plot for R/P and aridity index. Do you see a climatic signature on continental evapotranspiration and runoff?

For a flow rate of 212 cfs find the critical depth in (a) a rectangular channel with b = 6.5 ft,(b) a triangular channel with m = 1.6 ft, (c) a trapezoidal channel with b = 6.5 ft and m =5.0 ft, (d) a circular channel with d = 6.5 ft.

A rainfall intensity formula for 100-year return period at Columbus, OH (33-1788) should be developed a by a city water resources engineer. The form of formula was determined as i = a/(td+12)b where td is a rainfall duration in minutes and i is the rainfall intensity in inches per hour. Obtain the precipitation depth data from NOAA (http://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/) and use the time range from 5 minutes to 12hours as follows. (2) Based on the data in Column 4 and Column 5, compute the coefficients a and busing a linear regression method. You can plot data manually in the given graph for linear regression or use a software (Excel)as you practiced in lecture. Present your data points and regression line in the graph,and write your linear regression equation clearly. (3) Using the computed a and b, fill out Column 6 (maintain at least two decimal places). [5]

Below a discharge from a wastewater treatment plant, an 8.6-km stream has are oxygenation constant of 0.4 day', a velocity of 0.15 m/s, a dissolved oxygen concentration of 6 mg/L, and an ultimate oxygen demand (L) of 25 mg/L. The stream is at 15°C. The deoxygenation constant is estimated at 0.25 day'. a. Will there be fish in this stream? b. Why should we care if there are fish in the stream? Do the fish deserve moral consideration and protection? What arguments can you muster to support this view?

3- What return period must a highway engineer use in designing a critical underpass drain to accept only a 10 percent chance of occurrence of a storm event in the next 5 years?